A sprain occurs when ligaments around are torn or over stretches. The lateral ankle is affected in 85% of cases and damage occurs when the ankle rolls outward and the foot moves inward (forced inversion). Combine this with high force and the ligaments get pushed beyond their zone of tolerance. The medial ankle is affected with forced eversion and is less common.

The extent of pain, swelling and restricted movement will depend on the extent of damage imposed. A comprehensive rehabilitation programme is important to ensure that the damaged tissue heals to its fullest.

This will involve progressive strength and balance work, a gradual introduction to impact and then change of direction drills and sport specific training. Failure to follow a full programme of treatment results in frequent repeat injuries.